Experiment 8Synthesis of AspirinPre-laboratory Assignment Why is acetic anhydride used instead of acetic acid?To prepare the aspirin in this experiment; YOu will react O0 g of salicylic acid with 5.00 mL of acetic anhydride. Use this balanced reaction t0 answer the questions. Must show your work to receive eredit: C-HO; C4H;O, CoHO4 HC-H;Oz salicylic acetie aspirin acetic acid anhydride ucld molar mass (gmol) 138.12 102.09 180.15 60.05 density 1.08 gmLHow many moles of salicylic acid are initia
Experiment 8 Synthesis of Aspirin Pre-laboratory Assignment Why is acetic anhydride used instead of acetic acid? To prepare the aspirin in this experiment; YOu will react O0 g of salicylic acid with 5.00 mL of acetic anhydride. Use this balanced reaction t0 answer the questions. Must show your work to receive eredit: C-HO; C4H;O, CoHO4 HC-H;Oz salicylic acetie aspirin acetic acid anhydride ucld molar mass (gmol) 138.12 102.09 180.15 60.05 density 1.08 gmL How many moles of salicylic acid are initially present in the reaction mixture? How many moles of acetie anhydride are initially present in the reaction mixture? Which, salicylic acid or acetic anhydride is the limiting reagent? aspirin should be produced from the reaction mixture? This is the theoretical yield of How mnany grams aspirin for this experiment used this procedure to prepare aspirin and collected SO0 g ol aspirin; What your percent Suppose you yield of aspirin? Write NA if not available: Transfer this in Experiment to find the following information: Use Table information t0 your lab report whenever it applies. Salicylic Acid Aspirin Substance Benzoic acid_2-(acetyloxy) Benzoic acid,2-hydroxy Melting point Soluble_in water? Solublein ethanol? Soluble in acetone? Soluble inethyl acetate?
Chemistry 101
Aspirin or acetyl salicylic acid is synthesized by reacting salicylic acid with acetic anhydride: $\mathrm{C}_{7} \mathrm{H}_{6} \mathrm{O}_{3}\quad\quad\quad+\quad\quad\quad\mathrm{C}_{4} \mathrm{H}_{6} \mathrm{O}_{3}\quad \quad \longrightarrow \quad\quad\mathrm{C}_{9} \mathrm{H}_{8} \mathrm{O}_{4}+\mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{4} \mathrm{O}_{2}$ $\begin{array}{llll}\text { salicylic acid } & \text { acetic anhydride } & \quad\quad\quad\quad\quad\text { aspirin } & \text { acetic acid }\end{array}$ (a) How much salicylic acid is required to produce $0.400 \mathrm{g}$ of aspirin (about the content in a tablet), assuming acetic anhydride is present in excess? (b) Calculate the amount of salicylic acid needed if only 74.9 percent of salicylic acid is converted to aspirin. (c) In one experiment, 9.26 g of salicylic acid is reacted with $8.54 \mathrm{g}$ of acetic anhydride. Calculate the theoretical yield of aspirin and the percent yield if only $10.9 \mathrm{g}$ of aspirin is produced.
(Video) Online Aspirin Synthesis Lab
In this problem. We are going to use the given balanced chemical reaction in order to answer a few questions. So we want to know how much salicylic acid is required to produce .400 g of aspirin. The the other reaction is an axis. So We start with .400 g of aspirin. We take the molar mass of aspirin in order to convert this to molds, vest from the balanced chemical reaction, we see one more of aspirin reacts to give us one more salicylic acid and multiplied by the molar mass of salicylic acid to give us the massive salicylic acid. We will do a .4 divide by 180.16 times one or 38.1- one. We end up getting the mass of cells or gas ID. That is required to make that much aspirin, then We want to know the amount of salicylic acid needed. If only 74.9% of this acid is converted to aspirin. So We're going to turn 74.9% into a decimal by moving the decimal .2 places to the left, multiplied by X. Is going to give us the amount of sauce of acid that we calculated previously. So what we have to do is we have to solve for X which is the Actual amount of Southside Cassidy because we're only going to use 74.9 If we do .3067 by by .749. We end up getting eat masses also casted and we're told that in one experiment we have a certain massive self like acid reacting with a certain pacifistic anhydride. So these are the two reacted in this equation we want to get the theoretical yield of aspirin and the percent yield. So in this case we're going to do is we are going to take the mass of each reacted and that we are going to convert it to the mass of the product which is aspirin. So start with the mass of southfork acid divided by the molar mass of Southwark acid to get moles of south took acid from the balanced chemical reaction one mole of the south's of gas, it is this one mole of aspirin multiplied by muller, massive aspirin. To give us the massive aspirin. We're going to do the exact same thing with exceeding hydrates. So we're going to divide by the molar mass of so you can hydrate. The mole ratio is 1-1. And then we're going to convert to the mass of aspirin using the molar mass of aspirin. So when we compare the two massive aspirin that we obtained, we see that we obtain less from the south silk acid. That means that the theoretical yield is the amount we obtained from these also gases. So aspirin. So south gases eliminating reacting and we get 12.1 g of aspirin. So now we want the percent yield, the percent yield is just the actual yield that we got from the experiment, divided by the theoretical yield, which we would theoretically get under ideal conditions, multiplied by 100. We actually got 10.9 g, divided by 12.1 g Multiply that by 100 and we end up getting 90.1%.
(Video) Lab Lecture for Exp. 7 - Synthesis of Aspirin
Question. Number 91 has been asking integration by the equation. C 48643 on the C seven at 600 You mean see united for over Lyon? It's eight or four. Let's see to H four or two. This is acidic and Heidrick, See as you walk on. This is salicylic acid. Certainly, Silicon said on the product is has pretty. This is a technicality. In this synthesis, I said, You can hide red with a density of 1.8 John Parimal five million off a silicon hydrating, an entity 1.0 age and 2.8 grandma salicylic acid. He's taken 2.0 media. On completion of the reaction, the amount off spring isolated is 2.1 g, 2.1 g. A student was isolated. So this is actually here This Now we have to determine the limiting reactant theoretical yield on the person is use of the reaction. First, let us see which is a limiting, reacting to see that you mean trying to find out the and Mondo I think and hatred anyway for the conversion off. Why Gramps? Higher melt off a sitting and hydrate. That is when that we will first find out, do you more almost immediately reacted Pacific and hightail. 102.1 salicylic acid 1. 38.1 and have spending money 2.1 23.2. So that is we have the morning losses. No, the months of Pacific and Hillary's five into Why you in Duke? 1.8 Yes, No. 102.1 g needs 1 38.1 Grandma Salicylic acid. So one grandma, Pacific and heart. It needs one ground. Is he doing news? 1 38 or any money before one or two points? 1 g Most Alice legacy. So five into or not 1.8 Graham needs into files in the 1.8 This is the theoretical requirement off this acidic inheritor. Now that will work out to be seven point three times 7.3 g. Sorceress, You guys, this is a complete consumption, but we have only 2.8 g of salicylic acid. That means salicylic acid is a limiting Create. This is the limiting rate. Once you have found the limiting creative We will find out how much off aspirin will be formed. The trump the limiting created for dead our basis of calculation is 1 38.1 Graham, seriously, Gossip producers 1 80 point to grandma as we so 1 g will produce 1 80 going to a born 1 38.1 graham as police and hence 2.0 8 g, 2.8 g. Absolutely like acid. We can create this multiplied by you want to read? This works on to me 2.71 g off. Thanks for you. So this is the theoretical lead the product found is 2.1 g actual properties. Actually, these 2.1 club which is between indeed the skin itself So the person is killed equals 2101 in 200 upon 2.71 that equals 74.1%
(Video) Lab Lecture 7 - Synthesis of Aspirin
For this custom, we can calculate the moves off the most off these acids, using the most of the assassin he using using the the density, the density on his wall in we can calculate his messes must divided by a smaller mess is how many most off this reactant on DDE the to calculate home animal to the second reaction to a use, Um, it's must divided by a small room ss. Well, according to the violence to comic precaution, we can see the tour, the ratio of the two reactions. It's one over well, so in this case, we can see the second reaction to this well is limiting. So because for this balance to come Cory Reaction, we can see the ratio of the product. And the second reaction is well over one. So the mass of the products equals to the most. Off the product times is Muller mess. We can calculate its 1.263 grams, so the person to yout is 74.8%
(Video) CHEM111L: Aspirin Pre-Lab Video
FAQs
What is the pre lab for preparation of aspirin? ›
To prepare aspirin, salicylic acid is reacted with an excess of acetic anhydride. A small amount of a strong acid is used as a catalyst which speeds up the reaction. In this experiment, sulfuric acid will be used as the catalyst. The excess acetic anhydride will be quenched (reacted) with the addition of water.
What is the conclusion of the aspirin synthesis experiment? ›Conclusion: A total of 2.169 grams of pure aspirin was synthesize out of a possible yield of 2.52 grams. Thus, there was 86.07% product yield. Acetylation of salicylic acid makes aspirin less acidic and therefore less damaging to the digestive system of the human body.
What was the aim of the synthesis of aspirin experiment? ›Your two primary objectives in this experiment will be to synthesize and analyze aspirin. There is more than one way to synthesize aspirin; in this experiment, you will react acetic anhydride with salicylic acid in the presence of phosphoric acid (which acts as a catalyst). The reaction equation is shown below.
What was the experimental error in the synthesis of aspirin? ›The percent yield (469.23%) from the experiment showed an erroneous result because only 1.00 g of salicylic acid was used in the experiment and the crude aspirin synthesized weighed a total of 7.40 g. The maximum amount of aspirin that can be yielded was only 1.30 g.
What are the lab results for aspirin? ›If your healthcare provider prescribed aspirin for inflammation or arthritis, the typical level of aspirin is between 10 to 30 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL) of blood. Any concentration above 40 mg/dL can be toxic. In adults, taking 10 to 30 grams of aspirin can be fatal.
What are important lab values for aspirin? ›Therapeutic drug levels for aspirin are 150 to 300 mcg/mL (salicylate). Plasma levels of aspirin can range from 3 to 10 mg/dL for therapeutic doses to as high as 70 to 140 mg/dL for acute toxicity.
What is the hypothesis of the aspirin synthesis? ›Hypothesis: I hypothesize that salicylic acid will react with acetic anhydride to produce acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) and acetic acid (vinegar). Variables: Independent and controlled variables: The amount of sulfuric acid used for catalysis and the amount of salicylic acid and acetic anhydride.
What is the abstract of aspirin experiment? ›Abstract: The objective of this experiment was to synthesize aspirin from salicylic acid and acetic anhydride. The general theory behind this experiment was to study the synthesis of a drug from organic materials. During the experiment, esterification had occurred between reactants salicylic acid and acetic anhydride.
What steps could you take to improve the yield of aspirin in an experiment? ›Put the flask in an ice bath to hasten crystallization and increase the yield of product. If crystals are slow to appear, it may be helpful to scratch the inside of the flask with a glass rod. Collect the aspirin by vacuum filtration.
What is the purpose of adding water in aspirin synthesis? ›After the reaction takes place, water is added to destroy the excess acetic anhydride and cause the product to crystallize. The aspirin is then collected, purified by recrystallization, and its melting temperature measured.
Why was the development of aspirin so important? ›
Originally used as an antipyretic and anti-inflammatory drug, aspirin then became, for its antiplatelet properties, a milestone in preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
What are the main sources of experimental error in the experiment? ›Common sources of error include instrumental, environmental, procedural, and human. All of these errors can be either random or systematic depending on how they affect the results.
What are experimental errors in an experiment? ›Experimental error is the difference between a measured value and its true value. In other words, it is the inaccuracy or inaccuracies that stop us from seeing an absolutely correct measurement. Experimental error is very common and is to some degree inherent in every measurement.
What are the two experimental errors? ›There are two main types of experimental error that scientists and non-scientists alike must be aware of: systematic errors and random errors.
How is aspirin synthesized in lab report reference? ›Synthesis of aspirin was produced using esterification of salicylic acid in acetic anhydride in the presence of an acid catalyst, which is 85% phosphoric acid and heat by means of nucleophilic acyl substitution. After heating, water was added to hydrolyze excess acetic anhydride into acetic acid.
What effect does aspirin have on blood clots experiment? ›We showed that aspirin mainly acetylates the alpha chain of fibrinogen, resulting in the formation of clots with thicker fibers, larger pores, and reduced rigidity, which are easier to lyse.
What effect does aspirin have on red blood cells? ›How does aspirin work? Aspirin is an “antiplatelet,” which means that it stops blood cells (called platelets) from sticking together and forming a blood clot. That is why some patients who are recovering from a heart attack are given aspirin—to prevent further blood clots from forming in the coronary arteries.
What labs do nurses monitor for aspirin? ›Monitor laboratory tests for CBC, liver and renal functions tests, urinalysis, stool guaiac, and clotting times to detect bleeding or other adverse effects of the drug and changes in function that could interfere with drug metabolism and excretion.
What should I assess before aspirin? ›- Monitor signs of allergic reactions and anaphylaxis, including pulmonary symptoms (laryngeal edema, wheezing, cough, dyspnea) or skin reactions (rash, pruritus, urticaria). ...
- Be alert for signs of GI bleeding, including abdominal pain, vomiting blood, blood in stools, or black, tarry stools.
In recent years, there has been considerable concern that those taking aspirin for prolonged periods of time may develop resistance to the action of this drug. If this phenomenon is true, then those who are resistant to aspirin need alternate drugs for protection against the development of acute vascular events.
How do you write a good abstract for an experiment? ›
The abstract is a short summary of the main ideas found in the lab report. It should include 1) the purpose of the study or the question being addressed by the study, 2) the procedures used in the study, 3) the major results of the study, and 4) any conclusions drawn by the author(s).
What factors affect the yield of aspirin? ›The yield and purity of the aspirin de- pended on the rate of the reaction. The three factors affecting the rate of reaction in this exploration were the temperature, the concentration of the reactants, and the concentration of the catalyst.
What is the limiting reactant in the aspirin synthesis experiment? ›The salicyclic acid will be the limiting reagent. As far as the calculation of the theoretical yield is concerned, we assume that every mole of salicylic acid will be converted to aspirin or acetylsalicylic acid.
What happens when aspirin reacts with water? ›Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) reacts with water (such as water in body fluids) to give salicylic acid and acetic acid, as shown in Figure 5.2.
What are 5 uses for aspirin? ›Nonprescription aspirin is used to reduce fever and to relieve mild to moderate pain from headaches, menstrual periods, arthritis, toothaches, and muscle aches.
Why is aspirin importance in healthcare? ›For patients with heart disease, including those who have angina or have been treated for blocked arteries, taking aspirin can prevent them from having a heart attack. For those who have already had a heart attack or stroke, aspirin use can prevent another heart attack or stroke.
What makes aspirin unique? ›The Chicago researchers have shown that aspirin splits into two parts and affixes one part to the enzyme, permanently altering its chemical structure and blocking the reaction that produces prostaglandins. Aspirin is the only NSAID known to work in this manner.
What are the 5 most common errors occurring in your laboratory? ›- patient ID error.
- lost sample.
- sample delayed in transit.
- contaminated samples.
- wrong test performed.
- test performed inconsistent with the written procedure.
Physical and chemical laboratory experiments include three primary sources of error: systematic error, random error and human error.
How can you improve the reliability of an experiment? ›Reliability can be improved by carefully controlling all variables (except the experimental variables!!) Another term often used for reliability is REPRODUCIBILITY. Repetition will only determine reliability (it will NOT improve it). Measurements can be reliable without being valid.
How can we reduce error in experiment? ›
While you can't eradicate it completely, you can reduce random error by taking repeated measurements, using a large sample, and controlling extraneous variables. You can avoid systematic error through careful design of your sampling, data collection, and analysis procedures.
What are the common lab errors in chemistry? ›- Spilling.
- Dropping equipment.
- Not cleaning equipment.
- Ignoring directions.
- Writing an incorrect number.
- Hitting the wrong key on a calculator.
- Not paying attention to units/labels.
An example of random error is putting the same weight on an electronic scales several times and obtaining readings that vary in random fashion from one reading to the next. The differences between these readings and the actual weight correspond to the random error of the scale measurements.
What is an example of an error? ›An error may be defined as the difference between the measured and actual values. For example, if the two operators use the same device or instrument for measurement. It is not necessary that both operators get similar results. The difference between the measurements is referred to as an ERROR.
What should I check before administering aspirin? ›- Evaluate patient's lifestyle. ...
- Review patient's history for GI bleeding and ulceration. ...
- Assess patient's allergy to aspirin. ...
- Determine current aspirin regimen. ...
- Assess pain and limitation of movement. ...
- Assess fever and note associated signs. ...
- Monitor hepatic function.
- Monitor signs of allergic reactions and anaphylaxis, including pulmonary symptoms (laryngeal edema, wheezing, cough, dyspnea) or skin reactions (rash, pruritus, urticaria). ...
- Be alert for signs of GI bleeding, including abdominal pain, vomiting blood, blood in stools, or black, tarry stools.
- Step 1: Dry an Erlenmeyer flask and add 3 grams of salicylic acid to it.
- Step 2: Put 5 to 8 drops of 85% phosphoric acid along with 6 mL of acetic anhydride into the flask.
- Step 3: Mix the solution and keep the flask in warm water for 15 minutes.
The purity of the product is examined using three methods: titration, melting point, and spectroscopic assay. For a pure aspirin, the melting point is 138-140 degrees Celsius. The melting point of salicylic acid is 158-161 degrees Celsius.
What should a nurse know before giving aspirin? ›Precautions and contraindications: Do not use if sensitive to other NSAIDs or salicylates. Can cause renal or liver impairment. Excessive bleeding may occur if used with another anticoagulant. Do not use in the third trimester of pregnancy or when breastfeeding.
What are 3 common indications for aspirin? ›ASPIRIN INDICATIONS
Aspirin is indicated for temporary relief of headache, pain and fever of colds, minor pain of arthritis, muscle pain, menstrual pain, and toothache.
What are two cautions you should be aware of when giving aspirin? ›
Do not take more of it, do not take it more often, and do not take it for a longer time than your doctor ordered. Take the capsule with a full glass of water at the same time each day. Swallow the extended-release capsule whole. Do not crush, break, or chew it.
What should be avoided when taking aspirin? ›- NSAIDs – like ibuprofen or naproxen.
- steroid medication – like prednisolone.
- anticoagulant medicines – like warfarin or heparin.
- SSRI antidepressants – like citalopram, fluoxetine or paroxetine.
Taking aspirin and other painkillers
It's safe to take aspirin as a painkiller with paracetamol or codeine. But do not take aspirin with ibuprofen or naproxen without talking to a doctor. Aspirin, ibuprofen and naproxen belong to the same group of medicines called non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
The synthesis of aspirin is known in organic chemistry as an esterification reaction. This is a substitution reaction in which an alcohol (the –OH group in salicylic acid) reacts with acetic anhydride to form an ester, aspirin.
What is the by product preparation of aspirin? ›Aspirin's chemical name is acetylsalicyl- ic acid, and it is synthesized from the reaction of acetic anhydride with salicylic acid in the presence of phosphoric acid as a catalyst. The by-product is acetic acid (Figure 5.1).
What are the steps followed to collect aspirin after its formation? ›The mixture is heated to form the acetylsalicylic acid (C9H8O4) and acetic acid (C2H4O2). After the reaction takes place, water is added to destroy the excess acetic anhydride and cause the product to crystallize. The aspirin is then collected, purified by recrystallization, and its melting temperature measured.
What are the most likely impurities present in the sample of aspirin? ›The main impurity in our crystallized aspirin will be salicylic acid. Salicylic acid will co-precipitate with the aspirin if the procedure is done too quickly. The first method we can use to determine the purity of our sample is the determination of its melting point.
What are the factors affecting the purity of aspirin? ›Answer and Explanation: Aspirin on exposing to air undergoes hydrolysis and because of this hydrolysis, the purity of aspirin drops. Salicyclic acid, sulfuric acid, and acetic acid can contaminate aspirin and make it impure. Physical properties like melting point and boiling point also influence the purity of aspirin.